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BESTPRED: Best Prediction Programs

model
posted on 2024-02-13, 13:42 authored by Keith G. Boldman, Lloyd Dale Van Vleck

A set of programs for best prediction of lactation yields.

Lactation records of any reasonable length now can be processed with the selection index method known as best prediction (BP). Previous prediction programs were limited to the 305-d standard used since 1935. Best prediction was implemented in 1998 to calculate lactation records in USDA genetic evaluations, replacing the test interval method used since 1969 to calculate lactation records. Best prediction is more complex but also more accurate, particularly when testing is less frequent. Programs were reorganized to output better graphics, give users simpler access to options, and provide additional output, such as BP of daily yields. Test-day data for 6 breeds were extracted from the national dairy database, and lactation lengths were required to be ≥500 d (Ayrshire, Milking Shorthorn) or ≥800 d (all others). Average yield and SD at any day in milk (DIM) were estimated by fitting 3-parameter Wood’s curves (milk, fat, protein) and 4-parameter exponential functions (somatic cell score) to means and SD of 15- (≤300 DIM) and 30-d (>300 DIM) intervals. Correlations among TD yields were estimated using an autoregressive matrix to account for biological changes and an identity matrix to model daily measurement error. Autoregressive parameters (r) were estimated separately for first (r = 0.998) and later parities (r = 0.995). These r values were slightly larger than previous estimates due to the inclusion of the identity matrix. Correlations between traits were modified so that correlations between somatic cell score and other traits may be nonzero. The new lactation curves and correlation functions were validated by extracting TD data from the national database, estimating 305-d yields using the original and new programs, and correlating those results. Daily BP of yield were validated using daily milk weights from on-farm meters in university research herds. Correlations ranged from 0.900 to 0.988 for 305-d milk yield. High correlations ranged from 0.844 to 0.988 for daily yields, although correlations were as low as 0.015 on d 1 of lactation, which may be due to calving-related disorders that are not accounted for by BP. Correlations between 305-d yield calculated using 50-d intervals from 50 to 250 DIM and 305-yield calculated using all TD to 500 DIM increased as TD data accumulated. Many cows can profitably produce for >305 DIM, and the revised program provides a flexible tool to model these records.


Resources in this dataset:

Funding

USDA-ARS

History

Data contact name

Cole, John

Data contact email

john.cole@ars.usda.gov

Publisher

United States Department of Agriculture

Theme

  • Not specified

ISO Topic Category

  • biota

National Agricultural Library Thesaurus terms

computer software; models; prediction; lactation; selection index; breeds; Milking Shorthorn; milking; milk; somatic cells; lactation curve; herds; milk yield; cows

OMB Bureau Code

  • 005:18 - Agricultural Research Service

OMB Program Code

  • 005:040 - National Research

Primary article PubAg Handle

Pending citation

  • No

Public Access Level

  • Public

Preferred dataset citation

Boldman, Keith G.; Van Vleck, Lloyd Dale (2019). BESTPRED: Best Prediction Programs. United States Department of Agriculture.