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National Plant Germplasm System

dataset
posted on 2023-11-30, 08:08 authored by USDA Agricultural Research Service

Global food availability and security is based on intensive agricultural production. Over the past century, this intensification has relied heavily on producing crops with increasing genetic uniformity. Although these practices have benefits, they also include the risks of increasing the vulnerability of crops to pests, diseases, and environmental stress.

Plant breeding and associated scientific research is essential to meet the ongoing challenges of producing plants for food, fiber, animal feeds, industrial and medicinal purposes, and for landscape and ornamental uses. It is important to collect and conserve living plant material, both to help solve immediate agricultural production problems as well as safeguard plant genetic diversity for future needs. This mission is more essential than ever because the loss of genetic diversity is accelerating with threats from many factors including global urbanization, habitat changes associated with climate, and changes in land use related to population growth and economic development.

The U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) is collaborative effort to safeguard the genetic diversity of agriculturally important plants. The NPGS is managed by the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), the in-house research agency of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Funding for the NPGS comes primarily through appropriations from the U.S. Congress. However, the NPGS is a partnership between the public and private sectors. Many NPGS genebanks are located at state land-grant university sites, which contribute lab, office, greenhouse and field space for operations, as well as staff for technical and support services. The private sector is a major user of the NPGS collections and is the primary means by which new and improved plants are commercialized.

The mission of the NPGS is to support agricultural production by:

  • acquiring crop germplasm
  • conserving crop germplasm
  • evaluating and characterizing crop germplasm
  • documenting crop germplasm
  • distributing crop germplasm


    Resources in this dataset:

Funding

Agricultural Research Service

History

Data contact name

ARS National Germplasm Resources Laboratory Database Management Unit

Data contact email

dbmu@ars-grin.gov

Publisher

USDA Agricultural Research Service

Theme

  • Not specified

ISO Topic Category

  • biota

Ag Data Commons Group

  • AgBioData

National Agricultural Library Thesaurus terms

United States; germplasm; genetic variation; crops; Agricultural Research Service; gene banks; Land Grant Universities; greenhouses; private sector; food availability; risk; pests; plant breeding; feeds; landscapes; urbanization; habitats; climate; land use; population growth; economic development; genetic databases

OMB Bureau Code

  • 005:18 - Agricultural Research Service

OMB Program Code

  • 005:040 - National Research

ARS National Program Number

  • 301

Pending citation

  • No

Public Access Level

  • Public

Preferred dataset citation

USDA Agricultural Research Service (2017). National Plant Germplasm System. USDA Agricultural Research Service.

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