Holstein cattle are one of the major ruminants that supply milk and dairy products to the human diet and agribusiness. To investigate the molecular basis of the adaption of dairy cattle for milk synthesis, we used RNA-seq to profile gene expression patterns in epithelial cells derived from three gastrointestinal tract tissues, including the rumen, duodenum, and colon at 8 time points (Days 3, 14, 28, 45, 120, 220, 305, and the dry period). Overall, this resource will provide comprehensive insights into cattle lactation and reveal the specific characteristics of gastrointestinal tract tissues to understand the complexity of transcriptomic activities during lactation.
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